Stress and Health Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words

Stress and Health - Essay Example e body to any request whether it is brought about by, or brings about lovely or undesirable conditions†¦We must, in any case, separate inside the general idea of worry between the terrible or destructive assortment, called â€Å"distress† (from the Latin dis = awful, as in discord, difference), and â€Å"eustress† (from the Greek eu =good, as in euphonia, euphoria)†¦However, the way that eustress causes considerably less harm than trouble graphically exhibits that it is â€Å"how you take it† that decides at last, regardless of whether one can adjust effectively to change.(p.6) In this manner, stress may influence an individual decidedly or contrarily. It relies upon one’s viewpoint of the circumstance. Does pressure influence the prosperity of people? This paper endeavors a reaction to this inquiry and gives certain down to earth arrangements that can be utilized to facilitate the weight of weight on one’s wellbeing. Right off the bat, today’s society requests that a grown-up is confronted with a few duties in particular, youngsters, family, work, or one may even be cultivating a social relationship which will require quality time. As Seyle inferred trouble or eustress is controlled by the individual’s view of the conditions. For instance, a person who has family obligations and is additionally a full-time understudy may see the course as an upsetting variable on the grounds that the time lost in going to these courses may have been utilized to get an occupation that would give pay to take care of the requirements of the family. This individual may understanding and see this lost time as discouraging and therefore may react contrarily to the conditions, consequently declining his/her psychological and physical prosperity. Contrastingly, a similar individual could choose to take an alternate point of view and perceive the estimation of this time as a speculation into getting an occupation with better-quality compensation that couldn't in any case be gained. This understudy, at that point by evolving his/her perspective can decrease the feeling of anxiety from a

Shayla Smith

Summer Swimming Incident Shayla Smith remained a couple of evenings of summer get-away with her companion, Tamara, whose Mom and Dad, Bob and Susan Tuttle, took Shayla and their little girl, Tamara, outdoors. Shayla’s mother was upbeat for the break, as Shayla is dyslexic, and that has made her make some troublesome memories at school. Thusly, she carries on, and is a bunch for her single parent! The campsite is little, however has some good times smaller than usual golf match-up, climbing trails, and has a pool, yet no plunging load up, and no lifeguard; it is a sand-base pool, took care of by an artesian well, so it is perfect, yet murky.The proprietors, Owen and Dolly Jones, who possess and work the campsite, don’t have any security on the premises since they are a ‘mom and pop’ activity, and the campers all return quite a long time after year. The sign out front says, â€Å"Everyone’s family at the O and D Family Campground! † Tamaraâ€⠄¢s family was searching for a late spring spot to which they can return a seemingly endless amount of time after year, so they checked out the O and D this year. The principal morning in the wake of showing up, the two multi year-old young ladies hit the pool at about 9:30, despite the fact that it should open for another half hour, as indicated by the sign at the entrance.Tamara dove into the pool, and stated, â€Å"Ow! It’s shallow here, however it is warm! Enter! † Shayla shouted, â€Å"What? † and dove in directly close to Tamara, however she hit base and broke her arm. Tamara spared her from suffocating by pulling her to the side of the pool, and afterward getting her out to the bank. They get out for Tamara’s guardians, who came out and promptly called the rescue vehicle. Owen and Dolly came back from breakfast around, and hurried into the pool zone before the emergency vehicle even arrived.Tamara’s mother asked why the pool was not set apar t as shallow on that end, yet Dolly says they set up the signs each morning when they prepare to formally open the pool, in addition to the pool is sand base and moderately delicate at any rate. Shayla’s family needs to sue Tamara’s guardians for careless management, just as the campsite for carelessness. Composing Assignment 1: Post-Interview Memorandum This week, you ought to be dealing with your Post-Interview Memorandum. As a rule, paralegals are answerable for directing memoranda to customers' records that sum up data got during interviews.Depending on a specific association's inclination, the synopsis might be in story or layout structure. Post-talk with memoranda ought to be arranged following a meeting, when subtleties and notes stay recognizable and new in your psyche. There are ordinarily five sections to an update: (1) introduction, (2) depiction of the customer's concern (Issue); (3) assessment of the customer; (4) conversation of the applicable realities; (5) ends and proposals about the case. You will compose a post-talk with reminder and submitting it in Unit 3.The update will be founded fundamentally on the realities given in the reality situation (first presented in Unit 1) and on your own impression of the case. Also, you will â€Å"interview† Shayla and her mother, Mary Smith, in the Unit 2 class. Your educator will assume the jobs of the observers. In the event that you trust you will require extra realities, you ought to make an area in the reminder that depicts the other data you will require. See the example post-talk with reminder beneath, just as the depiction that follows it.Also see the Sample Interview Summary dependent on your underlying meeting of Mary Smith, Shayla's mother. The course â€Å"interview† will be your underlying gathering with Shayla and your subsequent meeting of Mary. Customer Evaluation (Preamble): Evaluation of Mary Smith Date: 6-1-2008 [Put Issue here] Client Impression: Mary Smith i s the mother of the harmed kid, Shayla. She is Caucasian, weighs roughly 150 lbs. , and is 5'2†³. She has a full head of dull earthy colored hair worn at shoulder length.Mary is a secretary in a little protection organization and is dressed expertly in a dark suit. Mary was agreeable during the meeting and was exceptionally receptive to my inquiries. Be that as it may, she didn't acquire any documentation however we had mentioned her doctor's visit expenses, and so forth. Mary over and again asked me to what extent the case would take and referenced her â€Å"large bills† from Shayla's mishap a few times. Mary is a single parent, and Shayla's dad isn't generally in the image and offers no money related help for Shayla's consideration. Mary doesn't have any sort of insurance.I saw Mary as a decent looking lady however a piece fatigued. She was well-spoken however talked a little uproariously. I figure she would establish a decent connection with an adjudicator or jury, ho wever she is somewhat on edge to â€Å"score the enormous one† for Shayla's wounds. [Put Facts Here] Fact Questions: Where is the campsite found? Who was managing Shayla and Tamara? What is the design of the pool? How profound and huge right? Were there any signs around the pool? Is there a lifeguard on the job? Have there been past frequencies at this campsite pool?I don't know Mary and Shayla have a reasonable case, as more examination is required. Suggest that we do the accompanying actuality advancement: More contact with customer in regards to bills and treatment Interviews with all observers, including rescue vehicle work force Obtain data about the campsite, the pool, and any admonition signs Obtain every single clinical record [put short end here] Submit your paper to the Dropbox before the finish of Unit 3. For extra assistance, see Power Point Presentation on lawful memoranda beneath.

Word of the Week (and a Poem!) Yule Richmond Writing

Word of the Week (and a Poem!) Yule Richmond Writing This time of year is a personal favorite, Yule, the season around the Winter Solstice. Last year I got to Stonehenge just after Solstice, and the delay was worth it: we had smaller crowds and better views of the standing stones. Later we spent a few days at Avebury, just after Christmas, but the Yuletide (often hyphenated as Yule-tide) festivities were still in full swing. Silbury Hill, pictured above, is the largest artificial prehistoric mound in Western Europe. We had it all to ourselves, and I think my photo captures the mood of Yuletide quite well, as does this one from Aveburys henge. Often this holiday, the day of least light and longest darkness, gets equated to our word, Yule, as does the Christian holiday of Christmas. Both are true, though the word itself is far older than modern neo-Paganism or Christianity. The OED Online traces the word Yule to Old English geol and gives recorded uses, in Latin texts, back as far at the 8th Century. Later phonetic spellings such as yoole appear before things settled in their modern form in the 17th Century, though yole appears in one 19th century example. What about the less common Yuletide? Like Christmastide, its getting rarer to modern ears than it was in Dickens era, perhaps because we think of tide only in terms of the ocean.   We usually put time in place of tide nowadays, but that is a good substitute. Here again, the OED entry on tide shows a first definition, now obsolete, meaning a season or span of time. For Yuletide, I have a poem from the grandfather of my former Writing Consultant, Nellie Searle, to share. Whatever holiday is yours this season, youll find some inspiration in Andrew Glazes Christmas. Glaze, according to his daughter Elizabeth, was a born skeptic his whole life.  We described ourselves as agnostic, and our outgoing  Christmas cards were never religious in theme. Skeptics are welcome at my Yule table. A few years ago I helped to organize a few Winter Solstice celebrations for a local Unitarian-Universalist Church, for people of many faiths. As I said then, A newspaper clipping I still have somewhere notes that on the longest night of the year, ancient peoples made bonfires in sacred places because they feared that the sun would never return. In northern Europe, a Yule log might be decked with greenery and then burned in a ritualistic manner.   A tree would be cut, brought indoors, and adorned with lights to remind everyone that the light will never die. These traditions, and many more, continue into modern times. That festival and its trappings moved me then and now, to honor the light and hope for its return. Yule is just the holiday for these dark times circadian, political, ecological. We can and will, I hope, do better in the years to come. Please nominate a word or metaphor useful in academic writing by e-mailing me (jessid -at- richmond -dot- edu) or leaving a comment below. Next up will be okay, thanks to US President Martin Van Buren and Dr. Bill Ross of URs Department of Mathematics. See all of our Metaphors of the Month  here  and Words of the Week  here. For the week of   December 24th, the blog takes a holiday! See you in two weeks. Photos by the author.

A Report On Hate Crimes - 1521 Words

Introduction In November of 2015, the Federal Bureau of Investigations published a statistics report on hate crimes that was based on incidents that occurred the previous year. The data showed that there was about a ten percent decline of incidents documented since the prior year. But not all of the groups correlated with this report saw decreases in hate crimes. Occurrences involving Muslims have increased in the last several years after shifting for a decade following the wake of the terror attacks of September 11, 2001. Prejudgment towards Muslims isn’t something that is new though, according to hate crime data and surveys. About fifty percent of U.S. Catholics, Jews, Protestants, Mormons, and Muslims believed that most Americans were prejudiced toward Muslim Americans in a 2010 Gallup survey. The survey also uncovered that Muslims were more likely to experience religious discrimination than any other religious group. A matter of fact Muslim Americans are five tim es more likely to be a victim of a hate crime today than before 9/11 according to the FBI. But not all people believe that Muslim discrimination is such a massive problem that impacts many people’s lives. Florida senator and U.S. presidential candidate Marco Rubio stated in an interview, â€Å"Where is there widespread evidence that we have a problem in America with discrimination against Muslims?† which is rather amusing because if Mr. Rubio were to have done a quick internet search he would haveShow MoreRelatedHate Crime in the United States of America1698 Words   |  7 PagesHate Crime in the United States of America THESIS: In this research paper, information will be given on hate crime in the United States of America. It’s best to know about these types of crimes before it’s too late because it’s rarely reported or spoken about but does occur on regular bases. Hate crime didnt come about until the early 1980s. Its sad how these types o f crimes still occur so many years later; there are innocent people who are attacked simply because of their race, religionRead MoreCauses of Psychological Trauma and Its Effects on Young Arab Americans Post 9/111066 Words   |  5 PagesAccording to the report of FBI(2000), the number of anti-islamic hate crime incidents prior the terrorist attacks were 28. In the immediate year after 9/11, 481 incidents were reported against the Muslims and Arabs(FBI 2002). The hate crime statistics of FBI conforms a staggering increase of 1617 percent in such a short period of time. The Arab Anti-Discrimination Committee (ADC) reported that over 700 violent incidents were ruthlessly targeted against Arab Americans within the first 9 weeks afterRead MoreHate Crimes Against Lesbian, Gay, Bisexual, And Transgender Individuals1197 Words   |  5 Pagesoverwhelmingly large minority group continues to be one of the least protected by the government as well as most heavily targeted by discrimination a nd hate crimes. Regardless of the powerful shift in public opinion concerning LGBT individuals during the last twenty years, the laws concerning hate crimes have remained invariable. A hate crime is an act of aggression against an individuals actual or perceived race, ethnicity, religions, disability, sexual orientation, or gender. Examples includeRead MoreHate Crimes And The Response Of Law Enforcement Officers Essay1370 Words   |  6 PagesThe phrase â€Å"Hate Crime† rose to prominence in the 1980s, in an attempt to describe crimes against someone based on their race or religion. These crimes were motivated, at least in part and sometimes in entirety, by bias against African Americans and Jews. Since that time, the term has expanded to include illegal acts against a person, organization, and their property based on the criminal’s bias against the victim’s minority class. These minority classes include race and ethnicity, sexual orientationRead MoreHate Crime Essay1660 Words   |  7 PagesThe term hate crime developed in the early 1980s by reporters and government officials such as John Conyers and Mario Biaggi. Even though the interest of hate crimes has increased in recent developments, it has deep historic roots that dates back into time. Statistics of U.S. history has shown that assaults, murders, and acts of vandalism has stemmed from hatred. The first hate crime victims were Native Americans and since then almost all U.S. immigrants have been exposed to violence, discriminationRead MoreHate Crimes. Criminologist Essay1603 Words   |  7 PagesHate Crimes Meshanda Rolland-Avera COM/172 March 21, 2012 Ms. Valery Reed Hate Crimes Hate crimes are many different criminal acts such as vandalism, arson, assault, and even murder. Many hate crimes are based on an individual’s race, gender, religion, age, sexual orientation, ethnicity, and disabilities. Everyone can be potential victims of hate crimes. Anyone from any social class can be considered targets for hate crimes. If you or a group believes in a different religion or speaks a differentRead MoreAnti Nazi, Black Separatist, And White Nationalist1090 Words   |  5 PagesIn our world today, it is unfortunate that people are using their hate as motivation to do immoral actions towards other innocent victims. In 2014, information was recorded by the Southern Poverty Law Center that there were around 784 active hate groups in the United States (Brunker par.4). A hate group is defined as a collection of people that promotes and performs aggressive actions towards members of a race, gender, sexual orientation, ethnicity, and many more characteristics. Ku Kl ux Klan, NeoRead MoreHate Crime990 Words   |  4 PagesHate Crime The simplest definition of what a hate crime is, is a crime committed against a victim due to his or her perceived role in a social group. Social groups can be defined by many factors such as sexual orientation, race, disability, religion, age, gender and many other factors. Within this essay I aim to evaluate the causes of hate crime and also to assess the impact of crime on victims and the strategies used for responding to hate crime. The types of hate crime I am going to be focusingRead MoreRoles Of Policing Executives Using The Mintzberg Model Of Chief Executive Officers1572 Words   |  7 PagesUniform Crime Reports (UCR) and the National Crime Information Center (NCIC) have purposes and various weaknesses in relations to one another. There are major roles of policing executives using the Mintzberg model of chief executive officers. There are certain keys that are important toward a chief executive officer’s success. There are two legislative enactments that are effectiv e when it comes to helping combat terrorism. There are problems when determining the actual numbers of hate crimes and whatRead MorePsychological Effects Of Hate Crimes1335 Words   |  6 PagesMany issues impacted by hate crimes can be informed by psychological research. For example, are hate crimes more harmful than other kinds of crime? Why do people commit hate crimes? What can be done to prevent or lessen the impact of hate and bias-motivated crimes? Social scientific research is beginning to yield information on the nature of crimes committed because of real or perceived differences in race, religion, ethnicity or national origin, sexual orientation, disability, or gender. Current

Factors Influencing The American Dream - 1834 Words

For criminals, participating in crime is often caused by the absence of legal means to provide and support for themself and his or her family. For sociologists, one yearns to know what is the final reason, the final straw, to the criminal’s decision to participate in said crime? If this answer is possible to determined, sociologists can work to prevent this occurrence from happen in the first place. However, I believe, for individuals to turn to illegal means, it is not one, single event but instead it is the idea that one’s history, surroundings, and personality must all align together. More specifically, it is one’s background factors, situational dynamics, and foreground factors that causes an individual to succumb or to not succumb to†¦show more content†¦None of these factors are factors that an individual has the ability to choose from. Rather, they are born into or nurtured into. That is to say, an individual cannot choose if he or she is born int o a lower, middle, upper class family. An individual cannot choose if he or she is white, black, Hispanic, Asian, or any other race. An individual cannot choose if he or she will have cancer in his or her body. An individual cannot choose if he or she will be taught specific values and not taught others. Instead, Merton states, â€Å"Among the elements of social and cultural structure, two are important for our purposes. These are analytically separable although they merge imperceptibly in concrete situations. The first consists of culturally defined goals, purposes, and interests †¦ The second phase of the social structure defines, regulates, and controls the acceptable modes of achieving these goals. (Merton 672,673) Merton proposed that an individual’s background factors impact whether he or she would consider the American Dream as what they strive for in life. Because many citizens do indeed wish to achieve the American Dream, Merton would argue that culture leads individuals to act in certain, specific ways (Lecture 9/28/15). Merton additionally proposed that culture impacts the ways in which an individual achieves the American Dream, which for the purpose of example in this essay, is the end goal. He determined that there was indeed a relationship

Benefits And The Limits Of Two Business Model - 1571 Words

Introduction The purpose of this assignment is to highlight the benefits and the limits of two Business Model Innovation tools that I would definitely use in my future career in the marketing field. Indeed, I would like to work as a marketing manager in a fast-moving consumer goods company and the use of the tools assimilated during this course would certainly provide me the possibility to develop and transmit the innovations and the ideas in a clear and effective way. The tools that will be taken into consideration in this paper are the Business Model Canvas and the Disruptive Thinking. Main Part The business model canvas can be described as a chart divided in blocks that gives the possibility to understand the business model of a†¦show more content†¦However, this tool has also some limitations, which are relevant if observed from a marketing point of view. Indeed, with the advent of the marketing 3.0, marketers are not only interested in providing the customers with the goods and services that they are seeking and in achieving their satisfaction, but also in carrying out the visions, values and missions of the firm, which can lead to an improvement of the environment and the society. In order to take into consideration such new aspects of the field of marketing, the business model canvas should be modified in order to include, for examples, two more blocks concerning the costs and the benefits of an innovation for the society and the environment, i.e. for the community (Fusco, 2013). Furthermore, the business model canvas could also partially limit my creativity as marketing manager because of the two sections concerning the cost structure and the revenue streams. In fact, although these two blocks are very useful – since they offer the possibility to take into consideration the planning of the expenses and the weaknesses regarding the inflows and the outflows that the innovation will generate –, they would limit my creativity. Indeed, the fact that I have to consider also the costs and the revenues while creating a business model canvas, wouldShow MoreRelatedIntangible Assets Quiz Questions ANS Essay1364 Words   |  6 Pagesï » ¿ADVANCED FINANCIAL ACCOUNTING 260 INTANGIBLE ASSETS QUIZ QUESTIONS 1. List two assets which would not meet the ‘identifiable’ aspect of the definition of an intangible asset. (2 Marks) Answer: Goodwill and Knowledge. These items are either not separable from the company or do not meet the definition of an asset because the benefits they represent cannot be controlled by the entity. 2. Intangible assets acquired via a separate acquisition are always recognised. Why? (2 Marks) The probabilityRead MoreWatch Texas Whip It By Erica Grieder1750 Words   |  7 Pagesminorities, governed by the most limited government that follows a very minimalist model. In Erica Grieder’s Big, Hot, Cheap, and Right: What American Can Learn from the Strange Genius of Texas, she points out that the genius behind Texas is the model it lives which calls for low taxes and minimal services, a limited government constructed from prior disdain of the federal government, and the creation of a business friendly state that helps stimulate the growth in economy and in population; and thoughRead MoreA Typical Understanding Of Distributed Computing1277 Words   |  6 Pagesforward, however not inspecting the attributes, models, and administrations included in understanding what distributed computing is and what it can get to be. 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Essay About Travelling Example For Students

Essay About Travelling Before you leave your native country for the first time, you will never grasp the true purpose of traveling. Each country makes much more sense only when a person encounters it first-hand. Traveling is an infinite activity as the more person sees, the more he or she realizes there is to see in the world around. There are many benefits of traveling that will motivate you to start it in a near time. Investment in yourself Travel is, first of all, a kind of investment in yourself. Some people mistakenly think that traveling means to rest and do nothing. However, sometimes a week spent for traveling opens for people much more horizons than a year spent in their countries. Â  You can find a lot of new opportunities on the road, volunteering or joining local projects. You can meet new people that will become your life-lasting friends. After traveling to new places, you will feel like a returning soldier knowing that you have enough power to handle your life. You will undoubtedly learn something new about yourself, and this knowledge will motivate you to do great things in the future. In fact, most of the crucial decisions of successful people were made during traveling. A clear picture of the world around Those who have never experienced traveling to new countries have a vague idea of the rest of the world. For sure, some individuals may know a lot about geography, local architecture, food, and culture. However, it is not enough to read all the issues of National Geographic or watch all BBC programs. Just imagine how the things you have read about in magazines become real. How all your dreams become a reality. You can read a thousand articles about a particular country and have an intellectual concept of it. But when you smell the local streets and try the local cuisine these memories are different, and they are unforgettable. Only when it is real for you in taste, sound, smell, sight, and feel, and, only after experiencing it, you will understand the value of traveling. New cultural experience You will have a chance to communicate with local people. Their lives may be totally different from yours. They may live much better than you, or they can live in very poor conditions. You should not be afraid to experience a communication failure while dealing with those people. You will realize that it is a very engaging activity to explore a new culture through face-to-face communication with local citizens. You may meet people who will leave beautiful traces in your life forever. Even though it is difficult to believe, some of those people may change your life drastically as well. The only one thing you should do is to embrace diversities. Ignore different skin color and cultural background and find an inner connection with people you will meet. Only in this way it becomes possible to share own cultural experience and understand the culture of other nationalities. Getting freedom Some people find it difficult to be prepared mentally and physically for unknown adventures. Some individuals have never left their native land, and they are afraid of doing it for the first time. The advice one should remember is to stop seeking for something fantastic and only enjoy ones journey. Â  Start appreciating the richness life offers and enjoy the moment. The next challenge that also prevents people from traveling is external pressure put by society. Your family may tell you that you should concentrate on finishing your college, making a lot of money, or finding a prosperous job. However, it is boring to follow the rule. You should, first of all, listen to yourself and think what is the most important in your life. Never be afraid to step outside of the external pressure to live the life you want. The last excuse for why people do not travel is that traveling is the waste of money. However, with the help of the Internet, there are so many cheap and free offers for travele rs that one does not need to spend a lot of money on it. The only things you will need are your smile, openness to new adventures, and a good fortune. .u2d3aa0ae71e3e221f9ea65bcee2b4d7f , .u2d3aa0ae71e3e221f9ea65bcee2b4d7f .postImageUrl , .u2d3aa0ae71e3e221f9ea65bcee2b4d7f .centered-text-area { min-height: 80px; position: relative; } .u2d3aa0ae71e3e221f9ea65bcee2b4d7f , .u2d3aa0ae71e3e221f9ea65bcee2b4d7f:hover , .u2d3aa0ae71e3e221f9ea65bcee2b4d7f:visited , .u2d3aa0ae71e3e221f9ea65bcee2b4d7f:active { border:0!important; } .u2d3aa0ae71e3e221f9ea65bcee2b4d7f .clearfix:after { content: ""; display: table; clear: both; } .u2d3aa0ae71e3e221f9ea65bcee2b4d7f { display: block; transition: background-color 250ms; webkit-transition: background-color 250ms; width: 100%; opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #95A5A6; } .u2d3aa0ae71e3e221f9ea65bcee2b4d7f:active , .u2d3aa0ae71e3e221f9ea65bcee2b4d7f:hover { opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #2C3E50; } .u2d3aa0ae71e3e221f9ea65bcee2b4d7f .centered-text-area { width: 100%; position: relative ; } .u2d3aa0ae71e3e221f9ea65bcee2b4d7f .ctaText { border-bottom: 0 solid #fff; color: #2980B9; font-size: 16px; font-weight: bold; margin: 0; padding: 0; text-decoration: underline; } .u2d3aa0ae71e3e221f9ea65bcee2b4d7f .postTitle { color: #FFFFFF; font-size: 16px; font-weight: 600; margin: 0; padding: 0; width: 100%; } .u2d3aa0ae71e3e221f9ea65bcee2b4d7f .ctaButton { background-color: #7F8C8D!important; color: #2980B9; border: none; border-radius: 3px; box-shadow: none; font-size: 14px; font-weight: bold; line-height: 26px; moz-border-radius: 3px; text-align: center; text-decoration: none; text-shadow: none; width: 80px; min-height: 80px; background: url(https://artscolumbia.org/wp-content/plugins/intelly-related-posts/assets/images/simple-arrow.png)no-repeat; position: absolute; right: 0; top: 0; } .u2d3aa0ae71e3e221f9ea65bcee2b4d7f:hover .ctaButton { background-color: #34495E!important; } .u2d3aa0ae71e3e221f9ea65bcee2b4d7f .centered-text { display: table; height: 80px; padding-left : 18px; top: 0; } .u2d3aa0ae71e3e221f9ea65bcee2b4d7f .u2d3aa0ae71e3e221f9ea65bcee2b4d7f-content { display: table-cell; margin: 0; padding: 0; padding-right: 108px; position: relative; vertical-align: middle; width: 100%; } .u2d3aa0ae71e3e221f9ea65bcee2b4d7f:after { content: ""; display: block; clear: both; } READ: A Monk Swimming, by Malachy McCourt and The Glass Castle, by Jeannette Walls Essay Lastly, you should understand that the travel experience you will eventually get is priceless. There are so many places in the world to visit that there is no time to sit at home. Do not wait for a moment when you will finish your college, get a promotion, or make a lot of money. Never stop traveling, and you will create a life which serves your purposes. You will see that all your dreams will become a reality. All in all, there is no word to explain how vital traveling is in our life, or how it transforms our personalities and shapes our perspectives.

Human Resource Management Term Paper free essay sample

The Taft –Harley Act was enacted in 1947, sponsored by Senator Robert Taft and Representative Fred Hartley; known as the slave-labored bill due to its conflict with democratic principles. This act gave employers the freedom to bargain and negotiate their rights while maintaining order and production. As a result of these acts and culture there is a distinct deference in how managers and employees view unions. (4) As the desire for fair treatment and equal treatment become the priority, the members of West University are not immune to the politics. Of the many factors that forced the Resident assistants (RA’s) to seek protection under Wagner Act, job security was at the forefront. As high turnover in RA’s continued many members were faced with acts of discrimination and unfair punitive actions. The concerns came when RA’s were being fired for doing the same acts that residence i. e. (area directors, resident directors) was only being counseled for. We will write a custom essay sample on Human Resource Management Term Paper or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page This issue struck me as favoritism towards Directors, which in many cases will cause animosity among members. I feel the RA’s have a legitimate grievance against the system in-place. History has shown that when subordinates are subjected to policies that differentiate from management, the work place can become a hostile environment. True, ranking and seniority has its privileges; but when acts are subject to termination then a system of due process and policy uniformity should be in place. In this case a need for a union is needed to speak and protect the rights of all that are affected. (5) Coupled with change and growth, an air of resistance will arise giving those whom oppose an idea fuel to debate whether a union is needed. In the implementation process of petitioning for union, senior RA’s and Community Development Assistance (CDA) gave testimony that only 12 out of 600 RA’s were fired over a two-year period. These numbers were immensely low compared to other organizations. The members were justified in their opposition towards union representation. (5a). There has been a great deal of debate to whether unions worsen or improve labor relations. One the on hand union employees have a workload limits that they abide by as well as unionized strikes which can completely shut down an organization. But on the other hand unions can reduce turnover by allowing employee-employers relationship to grow by being an outlet for both sides. (Noe, Hollenbeck, Gerhart Wright, 2004) The benefit of a strong union in place allows members to resolve grievances, bargain wages and benefits, and organize campaigns that attract new talent from certain companies or industries. The union will also encourage members to join by highlighting the benefits of having a major voice during contract negations. 6) The union laws in comparison to state and public employees with rules regarding National Labor Relations Association (NLRA) recognition for private sector employees. Although NLRA sets standards that govern the labor relations between many employers and employees, the federal governments ability to regulate labor and management relations is then limited by the commerce clause of the U. S. Constitution. This means that congress can only declare the rights of employees and employers to regulate labor and management relations in situations when the employer’s organization effects interstate commerce therefore is subject to NLRA rulings. 7) The Labor Relations Commission (LRC) determined that the RA’s were entitled to fair assembly and the right to engage in collective bargaining base on the federal law given under the NLRA. Which states that local and state governments cannot regulate activity that are protected by or prohibited under the NLRA. Base on the fact that these regulations are preempted by the federal regulation of the same activities. Moreover state and local governments cannot regulate certain area of labor relations that are not regulated by the NLRA because Congress’s decisions do not regulate. Furthermore, the NLRA prohibits employers and employees from engaging in certain â€Å"unfair† labor practices, the violations of which are grounds for legal action. In conclusion state and federal labor laws are set in-place too not only protect the rights of employee’s but bridge communication gaps with employers. The simple act of knowing what yours rights are as an organizational member will foster peaceful relationships at all level.

Walls of Jericho Essays

Walls of Jericho Essays Walls of Jericho Paper Walls of Jericho Paper The walls of Jericho For Christians, the Bible is the infallible word of God. For others, the Bible is a document written by men with many basic truths. For some, it is just a book of fairy tales to explain away unsolved mysteries. This paper will briefly describe the Bibles account of the battle of Jericho. It will then discuss four major pieces of archeological evidence found at the site of Jericho that accurately corroborates the Bible’s account of the Israelite siege that destroyed the city. Many archeological discoveries have brought increased recognition to the events described in the Bible. The evidence found at the site of Jericho supports the Bible as a credible source of History. In the Bible’s account of the fall of Jericho, Joshua, who had been chosen to succeed Moses, sent two spies into Jericho. These spies were helped by a prostitute named Rahab whose house was built against one of the outer walls. Before the spies left Jericho they promised Rahab that her family would be spared when the city was destroyed. When the spies returned to camp they informed Joshua of the fear the people inside the city walls were expressing and explained of the promise they made to Rahab for her aid. The Israelites are then commanded to march around Jericho once each day for six days and seven times on the seventh day. On the last day after the seventh march they were to shout at the walls and then the walls would just fall. God instructed them not to take anything from the city other than precious metals to be kept in the treasury for the lord. The Israelites obeyed their commandments and conquered Jericho Joshua 6:1-27 (New Living Translation). According to the Bible â€Å"The harvest had just been taken† Joshua 3:15 (New living translation). The site at Jericho has had three major excavations. Carl Watzinger and Ernest Sellin led the first excavation from 1907 to 1911. The second excavation was led by John Garstang from 1930 to1936 and the third by Kathleen Kenyan from 1952 to 1958. The site also had a small one month-long excavation led by two Italian archeologists Lorenzo Negro and Nicol Marchetti in 1997. The first piece of evidence that must be discussed is the collapse of the outer walls. In 1907 the first excavation found fallen red brick at the base of the city. In 1950 Kathleen Kenyon determined these bricks were from the walls that collapsed when the city was destroyed (Wood Byer, 2002). Second, according to Joshua (6:24) the Israelites, burned the city with fire, and all that was in it. Excavations revealed a layer of burned ash and debris about three-feet thick. â€Å"The destruction was complete. † According to Kathleen Kenyon â€Å"Walls and floors were blackened or reddened by fire, and every room was filled with fallen bricks, timbers, and household utensils; in most rooms the fallen debris was heavily burnt† (Wood Byer, 2002). The third piece of evidence found that corroborates the Bible is the full jars of grain found in the lower storage rooms in the homes of the city. Grain was valuable not only as a source of food but was also used as a commodity for sale or trade. The presence of these grains still in the destroyed city is entirely consistent with the biblical account, Dr. Wood wrote . The city did not fall as a result of a starvation siege, as was so common in ancient times. Instead, the Bible tells us Jericho was destroyed after but seven days (Wilford, 2010). The Israelites were ordered not to take anything except precious metals, which would explain why the grain wasn’t taken. The last piece of evidence is the promise made to Rahab that her family would be spared. Rahab’s home was built against the outer wall. On the north side a short stretch of the lower city wall did not fall as everywhere else. A portion of that mud brick wall was still standing. What is more, there were houses built against the wall. In conclusion, the evidence found at the site of Jericho is consistent with the Bibles account of the city’s destruction. . The walls fell outwards as the Bible describes. The city was burned as the Bible describes and the homes built against the only section of wall that did not fall suggest that Rahabs promise was kept. The archeological evidence found at the site of Jericho gives further proof of the historic accuracy of the Bible. References Wilford, J. N. (1990, February22,). Believers score in Battle over the Battle of Jericho. The New York Times. Retrieved from www. nytimes. com/1990/02/22/world/believers-score-in-battle-over-the-battle-of-jericho Wood, B. , Byer, G. (2002). Is the Bible accurate concerning the destruction of walls of Jericho []. Retrieved from

Microplex Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2000 words

Microplex - Essay Example If the company directors know it, they can stop any body from purchasing the land by convincing peter not to sign for it. But here the problem is not about purchasing land but the amount owed to Burkes and Wills and the clause that it was a heritage land and cannot be used for private commercial purposes. Here there was a provision in the corporate act (2001) to get enough time by applying for compensation. Microplex can get compensation from the Katrina family for deliberately hiding the legal tangles bebind the land scape (water front) they wanted to purchase from them. If they get the compensation then they can successfully get rid of burden of Burkes and Wills. If they did not get it they can get at least time for settling the legal tangles in Babinda trust and get credit from them to pay the dues of Bukes and Wills. The company can approach court according to the following provisions. (1) If the information in the application for a market licence in Australia contains information about the proposed compensation arrangements according to paragraph 881B(2), the minister can be compelled to treat the application as a thing for approval of the compensation arrangements and, for that action, he must consider the proposed arrangements were adequate. (3) When it was felt by the minister that the proposed compensation ar... (3) When it was felt by the minister that the proposed compensation arrangements are adequate the minister can grant the licence. But while granting the licence the minister must approve the compensation arrangements. Note: The other provisions about granting licences are in Subdivision A of Division4 of Part7.2. (4) The minister must follow the following in the conditions of licence. He must deal with the least amount of cover required in relation to the compensation arrangements in such manner as the minister thinks appropriate and He can identify the source of funds available to cover the claims and he can approve arrangements on the basis of them. (section 885H) 882B How to get compensation arrangements approved after licence is granted (1) There will be operators of licenced market. It any one of them wanted to have a compensation arrangements for the market approved after the granting of the licence, the so called operator should apply for approval according to the provisions of this section. (2) The application must: funish the information regarding and relevant to the compensation arrangements proposed. Those must be the arrangements required by regulations made for purposes about this paragraph and must accompanied by a copy of the proposed compensation rules and (b) can be made to the minister through lodging the application with the help of ASIC. Note: For fees in respect of lodging applications, see Part9.10. (3) The minister has a right or rejecting the application if he consider that the proposed compensation arrangements are not adequate according to the things mentioned in the law. (4) If the above (3) is not the case and if the minister considers the proposed arrangements are adequate then he must: (a) approval of the arrangements of

Spirituality Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words - 2

Spirituality - Essay Example The first is a moral code of conduct and justification that will guide health care providers to tend to patients in a manner that is in alignment with religion. Such as the fact that they cannot present life threatening drugs or force people to take a drug that may cause death. At the same time, women cannot be advised of abortion etc. Secondly the doctor patient relationship needs to be built on the element of trust; the patient is entitled to receive all the information regarding treatment, health care and any aspect of a procedure that they have to undergo. Even though the provider is the true healer and is believed to be so by the patient as well, all sides of the story is a duty of the doctor to the patient. Thirdly, patients are autonomous, that is, they are allowed to make any decision they want to, after being presented all the facts of the situation. At the same time, health care providers have to act like good citizens, taking it on their conscience to care for the patient and heal them; and not just go through with this procedure in a mechanical fashion, but to be caring and loving and compassionate towards the patient. God will only show mercy to him who showed mercy on his creation, and so providers need to offer not just treatment but compassion and mercy to patients, praying for their well-being and taking it as a duty as God’s servants to take care of his creation. At the same time there is the concept of non-maleficence in Christianity; which essentially translates into â€Å"never harm anyone.† According to this principle, health care providers need to be such that they give the right kind of prescription to the right patient and they need to assess whether a particular treatment would harm or benefit the patient in question. Christianity also believes in the principle of justice. Therefore patients are all to be treated equally and fairly, and treated till depth of the provider’s ability as

Total Quality Management; bringing forth the change required to obtain competitive advantage

Total Quality Management; bringing forth the change required to obtain competitive advantage The world economy has undergone rapid changes during the past two decades with the advent of global competition to an extent that almost every company (large or small) is touch by it in some ways. As creativity and innovation are necessary for bringing forth the change required to obtain competitive advantage, quality is the most effective factor a company can use in the battle for customers/clients. To be competitive, the customers must be satisfied and to satisfy customers we must focus on quality. Total Quality Management (TQM) provides the philosophy and driving force for designing quality in order to delight the customers by focusing on best value of a companys products or services. The above summation agreed with Zikmund (1994), who opined that Total Quality Management is a business philosophy that embodies the belief that management process must focus on integrating the idea of Customer drives quality throughout an organization. It is in line with the above that this chapter will discuss:  ¨ An overview of Total Quality Management  ¨ Basic principles and concepts of Total Quality Management  ¨ Tools and techniques of Total Quality Management  ¨ Total Quality Management as a business strategy and implementation  ¨ Review and evaluation of TQM on organisational performance and productivity This is however to ensure that management, scholars, researchers and others fully grasp TQM principles, tools, techniques and methodology as a way of contributing to quality improvement process and enhancing corporate performance and productivity. Therefore, the objective of Total Quality Management practice is to improve the corporate performance of organization. 2.1 OVERVIEW OF TOTAL QUALITY MANAGEMENT 2.1.1What is Total Quality Management? Total Quality Management is an American perception of managing quality. Since TQM deals with quality, it seems evident that the first step towards understanding the meaning of the phrase would require an understanding of the word â€Å"quality.† The word which means different thing to different people, is often used to describe goods and services. Although, Quality as a concept is subjective, but in general, it can be defined as a measure of the degree to which a particular product satisfies customers expectations with respect to certain tangible and intangible features of the product. However, Robert Kotler (1994), view a products quality as the ability to perform its functions. It includes the products overall durability, reliability, precision, ease of operation and repairs and other valued attributes. Although some of these attributes can be measured objectively from marketing point of view, but quality should be measured in terms of buyers perception. Sullivan (1986), showed evidence on this issue when he defined seven stages of quality in Japan in order of increasing level of quality to include: product oriented, process oriented, systems oriented, humanistic, society, cost oriented, and quality function deployment (QFD). Deming (1986), saw quality as aiming at the needs of the customers (present and future). Juran sees quality as fitness for purpose while Crosby (1979), saw quality primarily as conformance to requirements. Rao, et.al (1996) also approached the scope on quality when they cited Garvin (1988) as the first to categorize the numerous definitions on quality existing in the literature in an effort to create a common understanding. Five approaches were identified to defining quality: the transcendent, product-based, user-based, manufacturing-based, and value-based approach. a. The transcendent approach is typified by Barbara Tuchmans (1980), definition: â€Å"a condition of excellence implying fine quality as distinct from poor quality. Quality is achieving or reaching for the highest standard as against being satisfied with the sloppy or fraudulent.† Examples of fine quality that meet this definition are present in fine arts and literature. However, these items may not represent quality to everyone and its lack of objectivity also create problem for companies in business environment who are striving for quality. b. The product-based approach identifies features or attributes that can be measured to indicate higher quality. This approach provides objective measures of quality compared to the first. c. The user-based approach determines the quality of the goods. The product or service that best satisfies the user is the higher quality product. This approach equates customers satisfaction with quality. d. The manufacturing-based approach was described by Crosby (1979), as conformance to requirements. e. The value-based approach introduces the element of price. Broh (1982), provided one expression of this approach: â€Å"Quality is the degree of excellence at an acceptable price and control of variability at an acceptable cost.† Unfortunately, like as said earlier, most of these definitions are subjective. Although the manufacturing-base and product-based approaches are objective, quality has to be defined by the organisation concerned. Having come to term that quality is a necessary pre-requisite for any company operating in todays highly competitive business environment, it is therefore implied that as quality varies from one company to another, it also dependent on their mission, policy, and other elements that guide the company in the realisation of its corporate goals. It is therefore common that in the manufacturing sector, quality in both product and service is a compelling competitive differentiator, while for service business, quality is everything-essentially, it is the product. From an institutional point of view, Total Quality Management is maintaining an environment in which all employees are empowered to participate as a team in determining, measuring, and improving quality of a company. It includes the use of facts and data to implement a management philosophy with the overall aim of increasing customers satisfaction, profitability, and job satisfaction. It is from this perspective that Akpeiyi (1995), defined TQM as â€Å"a business strategy for ensuring that organization delivers quality goods and services to both its external and internal customers so that the organization can continuously remain in a profitably rewarding business.† Besterfields, et.al (1995) on the other hand, defines TQM as â€Å"both a philosophy and a set of guiding principles that represent the foundation of a continuously improving organization.† According to Arene (1995), TQM stands for customer satisfaction at the lowest cost involving all the people in the organization. She further stated that the three key elements of TQM (Customer satisfaction, low cost, people involvement and empowerment) call for a total cultural change in leadership and management style, values for effectiveness and deficiency. Quality according to her stands for the highest standards and the best of the best. Speaking in the same vein, Juran (1995) said that following World War II, the Japanese embarked on a course of reaching national goals by trade rather than by military means. And that the major manufacturers who had been involved extensively in military production were faced with converting to civilian production but a major obstacle to selling their products in the international markets was a national reputation for shoddy goods created by export of poor quality goods prior to world war II. He then went on to say that to solve this problem, the Japanese undertook to learn how other countries achieve high quality. To this end, the Japanese carried out in-depth research and study from which they devised some unprecedented strategies for creating a revolutionary pace. The Japanese experience confirms the fact that giving the growing competition in world, a competition which not only put one country against another and ultimately one race against another, it is only those organizations or countries and races that can compete on the quality of their products and services will survive. Carlos Cordon (1996) postulated that a fundamental basis of TQM is a culture for countinuous improvement. He pointed out that workers are the experts because they have the detailed knowledge of how the work is done and they are the best to improve the process. Cordon further noted that while top management should endorse and initiate the change, it is at the bottom of the organization that the responsibility for improving process lays. Under this philosophy, work is done in teams. These teams are responsible for the individual operations and also improving the process. He argued further that the role of the supervisors and managers changes in which they become the team coaches, making sure that the team has the resources needed to fulfill their mission. Cordon maintained that to implement this TQM cultural change, a company should train its workers to equip them with tools for process improvement and typically, such training includes techniques about effective team work, problem solv ing, process analysis, project management, statistical tools etc. Once trained in the use of these tools, the teams generate ideas for improvement and thereby implement the ideas. With this spirit, mistakes are considered as opportunities for improvement and the objectives is to obtain improvement is a continuous process. It is noteworthy to point out that training in TQM is a continuous process for all employees and not an â€Å"on-off† investment for a year, because if this â€Å"on-off† approach is adopted, then the TQM training will be seen as a program not as a process. Festus Iyayi (1994), also instructively noted that â€Å"TQM is both a routine and philosophy of excellence in an organizational means for providing products and services that have good qualities to a high degree.† According to him, as a route to excellence, TQM is a conscious, formalized and systematic process of seeking, achieving a sustaining improvement in the quality of all activities, structures and processes for the purpose of satisfying the organizations customers which in turn improves the overall performance of the organization. Miller (1994), also did an exploration on TQM and found out that only those companies that apply the techniques of TQM can survive the competition in future. Such companies according to Miller, will increase greatly in competitiveness and performance due to the effect of TQM. From the foregoing definitions, TQM can be described as the most important management methodology available today to achieve and maintain a competitive edge against worldwide competition. It can be tailored for a particular environment and there are many ways for implementation, which will be discussed later. Due to high and growing tension, which leads to feelings of blame, mistrust, lack of common vision of the future, coupled with low morale, many organizations are gradually turning to TQM. It is therefore essential at this point to identify the leading sages in TQM in order to understand its principles and concepts to be discussed later. 2.1.2 The Deming Philosophy: Dr. W. Edwards Deming was the first American to introduce quality principles to the Japanese on a large scale. He is credited with providing the foundation of the Japanese quality †¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦ and resurgence as an economic power. Over the years, Deming condensed his philosophy into 14 points, which became action items for top management to adopt. He also outlines seven deadly diseases that can prevent the successful introduction of TQM. Below are the 14 points he developed as a theory for management for improvement of quality, productivity and competitive position:  § Create constancy of purpose toward improvement of product and service.  § Learn the new philosophy  § Cease dependence on inspection of the product to achieve quality. But require statistical evidence of process control along with incoming critical parts.  § Buy materials only if the supplier has a quality process. End the practice of awarding business on the basis of the price tag alone.  § Use statistical methods to find troubleshoots and constantly improve the system.  § Institute modern aids to training on the job  § Institute modern methods of supervision.  § Drive out fear  § Break down barriers between departments  § Eliminate numeral goals  § Review work standards to account for quality  § Remove barriers that rob people of their pride of workmanship  § Institute a vigorous program for training people in new skills  § Create a structure in top management that will push the above 13 points every day. 2.1.3 Juran Juran is regarded as one of the prime architects of the quality revolution in Japan. After graduating as an engineer, in 1924 he joined the Western Electric Hawthorne Works where he was assigned to the inspection function. In 1951 he published the Quality Control Handbook, which later became a seminal work in the area. He arrived in Japan four years after Deming. He founded the Juran Institute in 1979. Juran expresses his approach to quality in the form of the Quality Trilogy. Managing for quality, he stated, involved three basic processes:  § Quality planning.  § Quality control  § Quality improvement 2.1.4 Crosby In 1965 Crosby joined ITT as a corporate vice president of quality, the first one in the United States. In 1979 he launched a consulting practice focused on quality. Crosby described quality as â€Å"free† and argued that zero defects were a desirable and achievable goal. He defined quality as conformance to requirements. Accordingly, a Pinto meeting the requirements for a Pinto were a quality product just as much as was a Cadillac conforming to Cadillac requirements. Recognising that improving quality by increasing the level of inspection would raise costs, he insisted that the way to achieve zero defects was to improve prevention techniques. Conformance costs include appraisal and prevention costs. The traditional view, as expressed by Juran, is that the cost of appraisal must increase if quality is to increase. Crosbys contribution was that, by improving prevention approaches, the cost would decline since the entire quality-appraisal trade-off curve would move in the direction shown. He articulated his view of quality as the four absolutes of quality management:  § Quality means conformance to requirements. Requirements needed to be clearly specified so that everyone knew what was expected of them  § Quality comes from prevention. And prevention was a result of training, discipline, example, leadership, and more.  § Quality performance standard is zero defects. Errors should not be tolerated.  § Quality measurement is the price of nonconformance. In order to improve quality, Crosby proposed a 14-point program:  § Demonstrate management commitment by being convinced that quality improvement is needed and subscribing to a written quality policy. This policy should specify clearly that each person be expected to perform exactly as specified or cause the specifications to be changes to match the needs of the company or the customer.  § Form quality improvement teams. These should be cross -functional and include department heads to oversee the quality improvement process. The team of department heads should be responsible for promoting quality through the entire company.  § Establish measurements for quality in all activities. Although many of these measures could be error rates, he also included some others. As examples, he suggested that accounting could use the percentage of late reports; plant engineering could use time lost because of equipment failures.  § Evaluate the cost of quality and use it to identify where quality improvements could be profitably made.  § Raise the awareness of quality through the organization. Get employees involved by making them aware of costs.  § Take corrective action to improve quality in areas identified in the previous steps.  § Plan for zero defects. Using members of the quality improvement team, plan a zero defects program that fits the company and its culture.  § Train all employees to carry out their part of the quality improvement program.  § Hold a Zero Defects Day to signal to all employees that the company has established a new performance standard.  § Encourage people to set goals for themselves and their groups. These goals should be specific and measurable, and progress should be measured against them.  § Remove obstacles that prevent employees from achieving these goals by encouraging them to report these obstacles to management  § Provide recognition for those who participate. This should be public and non-financial  § Establish quality councils consisting of team chairpersons and quality professionals. They should meet regularly, share experiences, and generate ideas.  § Do it all over again to stress that quality improvement is a continuous process. 2.1.5 Feigenbaum Armand Feigenbaum joined General Electric in Schenectady, New York, in 1944. While working on the jet engines he found that statistical techniques helped him improve their performance, and, as a result, GE put him in charge of its quality programs. Later, at MIT he developed the concepts of Total Quality Control. In 1968 he founded his own consulting company, General Systems. Throughout his career he promoted the concept of Total Quality Control. Feigenbaum defines total quality as an excellence-driven rather than a defect-driven concept. In his view quality is defined by the customer, and in this regard he is similar to Juran. He also feels that the quality philosophy extends beyond the factory floor to include all of the functions in an organisation. This is similar to Crosbys view of a broader scope for TQM. In order to persuade management to adopt a quality strategy, he also used the Cost-of -Quality approach. 2.1.6 Ishikawa Kaoru Ishikawa graduated from the University of Tokyo in 1939 with a degree in applied chemistry. His life was totally committed to the promotion of Total Quality through Japan. Ishikawa believed that all divisions and all employees in the organization should be involved in studying and promoting quality control by learning seven statistical tools. He created one of these tools, the cause-and-effect diagram, which is also known as the Ishikawa diagram. Ishikawas second concept was that of the customer as primary in defining quality. He defined the customer as the next person in the line, the person who gets your work or anybody who relies on you. 2.1.6 Taguchi Genichi Taguchi formerly an employee of Nippon Telephone and Telegraph has had significant influence on the quality movement in Japan. His prime focus was in making statistics practical. For this endeavor he won the Deming Prize in 1960, and since then he has won the prize again on three separate occasions. His ideas are promoted in the United States through the American Supplier Institute. Taguchi viewed quality as an issue for the entire company and focused on the use of statistical methods to improve quality, particularly in the area of product design. Two of his concepts are particularly significant:  § The loss function  § Design characteristics and â€Å"noise† Although Deming, Juran and Crosby are the most well-known TQM gurus in the United States, it could be argued that Feignenbaum, Ishikama, Taguchi have been as influential as they in defining the scope of TQM. In broad terms, they all agree with each other. Accordingly, they all agreed that TQM seeks to improve productivity, and it does so by focusing on satisfying the customer and by involving employees in the process. TQM they further agreed, has the practical goal of improving the bottom line and at the same time raising employee morale. 2.2 BASIC PRINCIPLES AND CONCEPTS OF TQM With such strong evidence that TQM integrates fundamental management techniques, existing improvement efforts, and technical tools under a disciplined approach, it is there important to highlight some of its underlying basic principles and concepts. The principles of TQM are a set of commonsense beliefs that determine the individuals action in everyday life not just at work. According to Colin Burns, (1995) experience has shown over and over again that for TQM culture to be entrenched in any organization, the individual in that organization must undergo personal change. This is because the ability of an organization to imbibe in TQM culture is considerably enhanced when the individuals within such organizations first believe in and apply with passion the principles of TQM in their lives and interactions with people. He further maintained that the innovative principles that have been known to transform the individual â€Å"inside-out† and provide the glue for holding together the entire TQM process include: * Personal vision * Personal leadership * Personal management * Interpersonal leadership * Emphatic communication * Creative co-operation * Balanced self renewal He opined further that without observing and applying the above principles of good management in our individual lives, methods and techniques of TQM alone would rarely produce good quality products and services. The bottom-line according to him is that quality and excellence can only be built on a foundation of sound management principles. Aluko, et.al (1997) states that each TQM is a unique initiative that acts as a framework for morality in business. According to them, TQM consider the efforts of those directly involved, both inside and outside the organization. It is no coincidence therefore that successful TQM models all tends to embody concepts of integrity, honesty, commitment, participation and ownership. Indeed, they value and respect the contributions from each individual as the driving force within TQM organization. Although the principles of TQM may differ from one authority to another, they were able to summarize sixteen principles of TQM that should guide management as given by Choppins (1995) to include the following: Highest priority: Total quality must overtly be the highest priority of the organization / company / individual.. Quality definition: Any definition of quality must include meeting / satisfying /conforming to agreed/negotiated customer needs / requirements / wants / expectations. Customer definition: The concept of customers include investors / employees / stakeholders / suppliers / the community and even interpersonal relationship. Customer satisfaction: Long-term satisfaction of customer needs will be an aim of any total quality organization. Aim: A total quality organization will have a clearly stated, widely understood and generally accepted direction/aim. Communication: A total quality organization will communicated openly and clearly its principles / beliefs / values / mission statement/policy for quality. Ethos: Total quality management embodies the values / beliefs / ethos of the organization, and thus total quality is intrinsic to every activity, decision and action. Values: The highest levels of integrity, honesty, trust and openness is essential ingredients of total quality management. Mutual respect and benefit: There is an implicit mutual respect of all stakeholders involved with a total quality organization, which assumes that long term business is intended to be mutually beneficial to all concerned. Health and safety: Health, safety and environmental issues have a high priority within a total quality organization since the welfare of all investors / employees / suppliers / the community as stakeholders in the enterprise is intrinsic to the future well being of the organization. Commitment: Leadership of total quality management stems from the top of the organization and enlists individual and team commitment throughout. Participation and ownership: Total quality offers each individual the opportunity to participate in, and to feel ownership of his/her activities, and jointly to share a sense of ownership for the success of the entire company. Continuous improvement: TQM involves continuous and measurable improvement at all levels of the organization, ranging from organizational performance to individual staff performance, such that continuous process improvement becomes a salient aspect of success. Performance: TQM requires consistent, predictable, accurate, and precise performance to high standards in all areas of the organization. Therefore, measurement, assessment and auditing are common TQM activities. Resources: One major aim of every total quality organization is to use resources better, and to achieve greater success (financial and / or otherwise). Investment: TQM will always require sufficient/ appropriate investment to ensure that planned activities can occur. Speaking in a similar vein, Onanusi (1998), remarked that every organization which want to unite her work force and provide horizons for thoughts and action amongst them require the following values to compliment the above listed principles. Quality service focusing on clients in order to deliver quality service that exceeds expectation is an essential value. Quality people: This stems from recruiting the best people and training them to be the best of the best. Meritocracy: Connotes providing employees with challenging opportunities for career development, based on their effectiveness in serving the client. The fourth value: Concerns the approach of employing the same methodologies and sharing resources to ensure that each employee delivers high quality services consistently. Integrity: Which expects that everybody adhere to personal and professional standards. Innovation Referring to delivering unique solution to each clients need And the last value stewardship Concerns a commitment to investigating in the future order to bequeath a stronger and more effective organization to future generation of people in the work place. From the above, it follows logically, that organizations will not begin the transformation of TQM until it is aware, recognized the importance and necessity of the principles of TQM towards quality improvement if they are to survive domestic and global competition. Robert Helter (1995) in â€Å"The Leadership Imperative† defines the concepts of TQM as a practical methodology for continuously improving all business process†. But the Besterfields believe that TQM requires six basic concepts in order to integrate fundamental management techniques, existing improvement efforts, and technical tools under a disciplined approach. These concepts as highlighted by them include the following:  § A committed and involved management to provide long-term top-to-bottom organizational support.  § An unwavering focus on the customer, both internally and externally.  § Effective involvement and utilization of the entire work force.  § Continuous improvement of the business and production process.  § Treating supplies as partners  § Establishing performance measures for the process. These concepts outline an excellent way to run a business. Organizations in Nigeria that practice TQM are therefore seriously advised to internalize the above concepts into their activities and continuously defend the concepts from dilution by carrying out quality audits periodically to ensure that established systems are maintained. As TQM concepts work when it is completely integrated into the culture of the organization and it becomes a way of life and an endless journey practiced by all. 2.3.1 TQM AS A BUSINESS STRATEGY AND IMPLEMENTATION As Rao et.al (1996) remarked, most corporate leaders today would agree that the only constant in business life is change. This change can be large or small, rapid or slow, planned or unplanned, controllable or uncontrollable and it occurs in all aspects of organizational life. One of the tasks of TQM is the successful utilization of the tools and techniques. And above all, the ability to change the organizational culture so that paying attention to quality is a normal part of the behavior of the organization. However, sustaining the method of organizational change necessary to transform an organization so that quality becomes a way of life is the hardest part of TQM process. It is important to recognize that TQM is not a program that can be implemented and completed; rather TQM is an ongoing effort. This rationale was instructively noted in Crosbys work when he says, â€Å"Do it all over again†¦Ã¢â‚¬  and Deming when he says, â€Å"†¦push the above thirteen points every day.† 2.4.1 TQM Implementation Without implementation, there is absolutely no point in a company adopting TQM as a business strategy for whatever purpose. Because from all indications, implementing TQM is a forever process, with no finite end. It is a never-ending journey of quality improvement process. This conclusively brings to us that, all in an organization need to work together to meet the challenges of implementing TQM. Even though there may be a major difference in the degree of implementation, the relevant literatures of TQM focus largely on management and management techniques on TQM implementation. In implementing TQM in an organization, implementation plans need to be established in order to accomplish the organizational desired goals. Implementation plans in this context refers to sequence of events, programs, meetings, and activities designed to help employees learn new perspectives, skills, attitudes, behaviors in the TQM process. This means that the process of introducing TQM is one that requires changing various elements of the existing culture in the organization. The process must be planned and managed from the top. This is why Besterfields, et.al noted that, TQM implementation process begins with senior management and most important, the CEOs commitment, hence, the importance of the role of senior management. It is critically important that senior management take time to fully understand TQM and what it can achieve for the organization and develop and agreed (at board level) plan for implementation before attempting to implement the plan. The attitude of senior managem ent to TQM must be positively demonstrated everyday and in every action as indifference and lack of involvement are frequently cited as the principal reasons for the failure of quality improvement efforts. Delegation and rhetoric is insufficient involvement is required. As a general rule, the senior management starts implementation with clear statement of â€Å"quality policy† which entails the ethics, mission and value of the organization and of course its philosophy. This can be regarded as the planning phase (where the decision to implement TQM is taken, the planning, implementing and monitoring processes are established as well as the organizational structures to be used in the implementation process). The next line of action under implementation process is organizational change phase. H

Statistics Can Reduce Internet Fraud Essay -- Research Analysis

Many online auction sites help consumers bid on items they might want to possess. These sites include eBay, WebStore, ebid, OnlineAuction, OZtion, Overstock, and a whole slew of others. Currently there is no system to protect consumers from fraudulent sales. When someone bids for an item, consumers trust both the seller and the online auctioneer to be both honest and ethical when presenting items for bid. Many of the auction houses, including Sotheby's and Christie's have their experts examine each piece to prove authenticity. However, it is not all bad news. To help protect consumers from fraud, Joseph Gastwirth and Wesley Johnson have found that the use of statistics answers the problem of authenticity. Joseph Gastwirth is a Professor of Statistics and economics at George Washington University. Wesley Johnson is a Professor of Statistics at the University of California at Irvine. These two men have worked together to produce an article for future print in the Journal of the Royal Statistical Society called Series A: Statistics in Society. This paper examines the preview article published in the Significance Magazine entitled "Dare you to buy a Henry Moore on eBay." Using statistics enables then to tell where the frauds are lurking. The Statistics Gastwirth and Johnson used a method similar to that of the Hui-Walter method "used to estimate the accuracy rates of clinical tests and survey classifications. (Gastwirth & Johnson, 2011) This test method utilizes two subpopulations, each with its own prevalence. In the case of the test for authentication of Henry Moore's on the Internet, the two subpopulations were drawings and sculptures, and the second was lithographs and etchings. These two gro... ...hnson, 2011) Figure 2 represents the "maximum likelihood estimates of the two prevalence parameters and accuracy rates of the two evaluators. Maximum likelihood estimates were obtained using the EM algorithm with standard errors based on the bootstrap using the program TAGS." (Gastwirth & Johnson, 2011) TAGS, is a program for the evaluation of test accuracy in the absence of a gold standard. Thus with all questions from Darrell Huff's book "How to Lie With Statistics" answered, we can safely and accurately conclude that the method used by Gastwirth and Johnson can and should be used by those who intend to purchase artwork off the Internet. Works Cited Gastwirth, J. & Johnson, W. (2011, March 14). Dare you to buy a Henry Moore on eBay? Statistics can tell you what to avoid. Significance Magazine, 8(1), 10-14. doi:10.1111/j.1740-9713.2011.00470x.

About Skateboarding Essay

Do you like danger? Do you like thrilling and exciting things that get your blood pumping? If you do, then skateboarding may be your thing. Skateboarding gives you an exciting and thrilling sensation, while at the same time giving you a true feeling of accomplishment. Although skateboarding is dangerous and exhilarating, through skateboarding can come new friends, seeing new places, and can just be a lot of fun. My life is filled with music, sports, and very many activities and hobbies, but to me skateboarding has taken me the farthest as a person, and has been the most exciting and fun. Something that skateboarding lets you do unlike other sports or hobbies, is traveling and exploring. For vacations, my friends and I will travel to various cities or sometimes states, with only one purpose. To find the famous spots that skateboarders from all over come to skate. For example, recently, my friends and I, (Ryan H. and Paul R.) traveled to Philadelphia. We had read about a couple of famous skate spots on the Internet and we decided they would be fun to look for and skate in the city. My mom drove us up for the day and we had a lot of fun. Another fun, out of town trip that my friends and I voyaged to, was a trip to New York City. In the skateboarding world there is a very famous place called Brooklyn Banks. Brooklyn Banks is ironically located directly under the Manhattan Bridge, and it is a spot that brings skateboarders from everywhere to skate. What makes this spot so amazing is that it is one of the very few fun and at the same time legal spots in New York to skateboard at. What Brooklyn Banks is exactly, is a tunnel like area made out of bricks. The sides of this tunnel are banks that are curved at the bottom, giving them the feel of a quarter pipe ramp when riding upon it. Also, along the floor, skateboarders have put up grind rails and boxes to skate on, making it like a skate park; and if you’re lucky you may actually see a pro skateboarder there skating it for fun. Who would have known that you don’t have to captain a ship to be an explorer? You can do the same on a skateboard. It gets a little boring skating the same spots every single day, so sometimes we go on adventures exploring through Annandale, Falls Church, and Alexandria just searching for fun spots to discover. One of our most favorite places to go to is Washington D.C. We skateboard in D.C almost every weekend, and we oftentimes explore spots there. In fact, we’ve gone to D.C so much, we now know our way around the subway system and city pretty well. Exploring new spots is fun because when you find a new spot and skate it, more people will come to it, and you’ll feel like you sort of claimed that spot and founded it just like the explorers of the past. Another fun thing about Washington D.C is that you meet a lot of cool people there who you see a lot and skate with a bunch. When you’re in D.C there are some spots that you know for a fact a bunch of kids will be skating, and if you ever get bored you can just meet some new friends and skate there. Some people enjoy calm activities, board games, and picnics, but to me there’s nothing better than the feeling of throwing yourself down some stairs or rolling up to a huge drop and getting that thrilling sensation like you do when you skateboard. One of the best things about skateboarding is that you can always progress with it and get better at it. There’s nothing better than learning a new trick or landing something harder than anything else you’ve ever done. I remember the first day I learned how to kickflip. The kickflip is the trick that finally brings you from that beginner level to the stage of improvement. It was one of the best feelings I’ve felt in my entire life. It was the same feeling I got when I ollied my first stair set. (An ollie is like jumping while on a skateboard) Another thrilling factor that skateboarding brings is that some of the best spots to skate are in sometimes bad parts of town or neighborhoods. Knowing that you’re in a dangerous neighborhood adds to the thrill and feeling of accomplishment after leaving. One of the biggest, yet thrilling aspects of skateboarding is knowing how, at any given moment, you could fall very hard and get hurt. This makes it all the more exciting when you land that one trick you’ve been going for. Earlier this year, I was skateboarding and I severely sprained my ankle. After I recovered, I made it a goal that I go back and land that same trick that I got hurt on before, so I could feel that excitement and conquer my fear from that certain spot. Thanks to skateboarding I have met many friends that I see almost every weekend and skateboard with all the time. Now-a-days, most kids just sit at home bored playing video games and not having anything to do on the weekends. This leads to a lot of kids doing drugs and getting into bad habits. A lot of people associate skateboarders with druggies and bad kids, when actually, in a way, skateboarding is like an anti-drug, which keeps us away from those bad things and always gives us something to do. What’s also good about skating is that even when were not skating and we’re just talking, we always have something to talk about or relate to. One of the best weeks I’ve ever lived was at a summer camp called Woodward. Woodward consisted of 18 different whole skate parks, BMX courses, gyms, and is the number one extreme sports camp around. At Woodward, every week of camp, new pro athletes come to do demos and skate the parks with the campers. The entire experience at that camp was amazing and I can’t wait to go back next summer. Skateboarding has opened up the door for some many amazing opportunities for me, and with out skateboarding who knows where I would be.

The Types Of Stem Cells - 1665 Words

Stem cells are a special type of cell that has the potential to differentiate into many different cell types. They work with in the body as an internal repair system. When they are not being used as a repair mechanism, the stem cells have the capability of long-term renewal. Because they are unspecialized cells, stem cells can be induced to become tissue or organ specific, thus giving them unique regenerative abilities that have the potential to treat diseases such as diabetes and Alzheimer’s. Diabetes mellitus is a disease that is characterized by high blood sugar levels due to inadequate production of insulin or inability of the cells of the body to respond appropriately to insulin. Diabetes is a long-term condition and it affects†¦show more content†¦Alzheimer’s, a common form of dementia, causes memory loss and other cognitive abilities that interfere with daily life. Alzheimer’s is a progressive disease that worsens over time. In its early stages, p atients display symptoms of memory loss and eventually leads to stages where a person can no longer identify the environment they are in. although there is no cure for Alzheimer’s, there are treatments the can temporarily slow the progress of dementia. Because Alzheimer’s is considered one of the leading causes of death in the United States, it is important to find alternative treatments that can stop its development. In this literature critique, research is being conducted to use stem cells as a therapeutic approach for diabetes and Alzheimer’s. Diabetes Stem cell educator therapy is a method in which the patient’s blood is circulated through a closed-loop system that separates lymphocytes from whole body and then adheres them to human cord derived stem cells (CB-SCs) before returning them to the body (Zhao Yong et al. 2012). The treatment of stem cell educator therapy can regenerate beta cells for patients with Type 1 diabetes. The stem cell educator therapy increased c-peptide secretion over a period of 24 weeks. Before treatment, c-peptide levels were almost non-existing, but after treatment the levels significantly increased. As a result of c-peptide secretion, therefore insulin production is also present. C-peptide is secreted into the blood stream